The History of Computer Development Essay - 608 Words

Every generation of computer experienced a major technological development that basically changed the way computers operate, thus resulting in increasingly smaller, cheaper, more powerful and more efficient and reliable devices .The history of computer development is always referred to in reference to the different generations of computing devices. The first generation (1940-1956) is the Vacuum Tubes. The first generation computers used vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for their memory, and because of that they big and were often large, taking up entire rooms to build. They are so expensive to operate because they are very large and took a lot of maintenance and in addition they use a great deal of electricity and similarly†¦show more content†¦The second-generation computers are still relied on the punched cards for input and the paper printouts for output. The second-generation computers have moved from cryptic binary machine language to languages, or assembly, symbolic, which will allow the programmers to specify the instructions in words. At this time, high-level of programming languages are also being developed, such as the early versions of COBOL and FORTRAN. These were also the first computers that able to store their programmer instructions in their memory, which moved from a magnetic drum to magne tic core technology. The first computers of this second-generation were developed for the atomic energy industry. Third Generation (1964-1971), the Integrated Circuit. The development of the integrated circuit was the pioneer of the third generation of computers. The same transistor, but miniature in size and placed on silicon chip, that are called the semiconductors, which dramatically increase the speed and efficiency of the computers. Instead of punched cards and printouts, users interacting with third generation computers by using the keyboards and monitors and interfaced with an operating system, which allowed the device to run through many different applications at same time with a central program that monitoring the memory. Computers for the first time became an accessible to a mass audience because they were smaller, faster and cheaper than theirShow MoreRelatedHistory of the Development of Computers Essay1718 Words   |  7 PagesDEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTERS As we are stepping towards the era of 2020, man have consistently been innovative and creative in developing and improving technology for various sectors to make the world a better place for us to live in. If we look closely today, the development of IT and Computer sector and its application have greatly influenced various other sectors like telecommunication, transport, agriculture, labour, finance, etc to be more efficient and effective at their work. Computers haveRead MoreEssay about History of the Development of Computers1478 Words   |  6 Pages In this world the development is consider to be the most important factor because human beings tends to invent and create new things so that they can compete with each other in their own field of work . Moreover, the people whom chooses their field which is relevant to computer appliances in their daily life also thinks the same and the develop the improvement of the computer from time to time until the computer technology reaches the development that we does not imagine before. When we thinkRead MoreDescribe the development of computers from the year 1945 until 2013 Computer History and1900 Words   |  8 PagesDescribe the development of computers from the year 1945 until 2013 Computer; History and Development: We already know that the computer had been so much help for our life for a long time since the computer had been reveal. For the first what is computer all about? As per Wikipedia and also source that I search from internet, the meaning of computer is a general purpose device that can be programmed to carry out set of arithmetic or logical operations automatically and also can solve more thanRead MoreWhy Did Ibm Decide? Develop The Model 5150?1320 Words   |  6 PagesïÆ'Ëœ Why did IBM decide to develop the Model 5150? Was there a strategic purpose for the company to do so? IBM was already a big name in the market of mini, middle range and mainframe computers. The perspective and promising small computer market, greatly gaining ground due to Apple II and other few, was still a difficult task despite their multi-millionaire efforts. IBM decided to develop the model 5150 on the lines of their first PC model 5100, which was pretty unaffordable for large masses. AppleRead MoreThe Pc And Its Operating Systems1343 Words   |  6 Pagespersonal computers and catapulted the devices into the majority of American’s homes. 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A way to talk to some of my friends who live off in distant places such as Los Angeles, New Jersey, and the Philippines. The U.S. Defense Department originally had this intent in mind when they connected a computer network with various other radio and satellite networks.[1 Krol] They wantedRead MoreEssay on Review of Janet Abbates Inventing the Internet990 Words   |  4 PagesJanet Abbate’s Inventing the Internet explores the history of the Internet as a tale of collaboration and conflict among a remarkable variety of players. (3) Abbate’s writing concentrates on the Internet’s development through social and cultural influences. The book explores the evolution of the Internet from ARPANET to global networks. 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Oscar Wilde Free Essays

string(70) " he takes offense at the children and builds a wall to keep them out\." In a town where a lot of poor people suffer, a swallow who was left behind after his flock flew off to Egypt for the winter meets the statue of the late â€Å"Happy Prince†, who in reality has never experienced true happiness. Viewing various scenes of people suffering in poverty from his tall monument, the Happy Prince asks the swallow to take the ruby from his hilt, the sapphires from his eyes, and the golden leaf covering his body to give to the poor. As the winter comes and the Happy Prince is stripped of all of his beauty, his lead heart breaks when the swallow dies as a result of his selfless deeds. We will write a custom essay sample on Oscar Wilde or any similar topic only for you Order Now The statue is then torn down and melted leaving behind the broken heart and the dead swallow which are taken up to heaven by an angel that has deemed them the two most precious things in the city by God, so they may live forever in his city of gold and garden of paradise. Adaptations[edit] †¢A radio drama adaption by Columbia Workshop was broadcast on 26 December 1936. A record album was produced in the 1940s by American Decca Records, with Orson Welles narrating and Bing Crosby as the Prince. [1] †¢In 1969 New Zealand group the La De Das recorded and performed a rock opera based on the story. Band members Bruce Howard and Trevor Wilson conceived the idea in 1967, composing the music with Australian poet Adrian Rawlins narrating the story. †¢An animated version of the story was produced in 1974, starring Glynis Johns as the swallow and Christopher Plummer as the Prince. See The Happy Prince (film). Happily Ever After: Fairy Tales for Every Child presented a version of the title story set in New York City featuring Ed Koch as the Happy Prince (who was the statue of the city’s previous mayor) and Cyndi Lauper as a streetwise pigeon named â€Å"Pidge† (in place of the Swallow). †¢Leo the Lion Records released a reading of the story performed by Richard Kiley on a recording (#GD01603) including a dramatization of â€Å"The Magic Fishbone† by Charles Dickens featuring Julie Harris and Ian Martin and a reading of Rudyard Kipling’s story â€Å"The Potted Princess† performed by Ms.  Harris. McDull, Prince de la Bun was partially based on this story. †¢In 2012 the Irish composer Vincent Kennedy and playwright John Nee adapted the story for narrator, chorus and orchestra. The Happy Prince was premiered in County Donegal, Ireland in April 2012 with John Nee narrating and acting and Vincent Kennedy conducting and performing. It was broadcast on RTE Junior. [3] †¢A 1992 musical written by Sue Casson based on the story. [4] †¢In 2014, composer Stephen DeCesare released and published his adaption of the â€Å"Happy Prince† as a children’s musical. â€Å"The Nightingale and the Rose†[edit] A nightingale overhears a student complaining that his professor’s daughter will not dance with him, as he is unable to give her a red rose. The nightingale visits all the rose-trees in the garden, and one of the roses tells her there is a way to produce a red rose, but only if the nightingale is prepared to sing the sweetest song for the rose all night with her heart pressing into a thorn, sacrificing her life. Seeing the student in tears, and valuing his human life above her bird life, the nightingale carries out the ritual. She impales herself on the rose-tree’s thorn so that her heart’s blood can stain the rose. The student takes the rose to the professor’s daughter, but she again rejects him because another man has sent her some real jewels and â€Å"everybody knows that jewels cost far more than flowers. † The student angrily throws the rose into the gutter, returns to his study of metaphysics, and decides not to believe in true love anymore. Adaptations[edit] Main article: Music based on the works of Oscar Wilde There are many adaptations of this story in the form of operas and ballets. These include: †¢One act opera by Renzo Bossi, an Italian composer, (Como 1883 – Milan 1965) in one act, op. 18, 1910 (libretto by Bossi, after Wilde,: The Nightingale and the Rose), Italian Radio Turin, 9 August 1938; staged Parma, Teatro Regio, 9 January 1940); see the link. †¢A cantata by Henry Hadley, an American composer and conductor, (Somerville, Massachusetts, 1871 – New York, 1937) The Nightingale and the Rose, (libretto E. W. Grant), op. 54, S, SSAA, orchestra (New York, 1911); see the link. †¢An opera by Hooper Brewster-Jones, an Australian composer (Orroroo, S. Australia, 1887 – Adelaide, 1949) The Nightingale and the Rose, 1927 (after Wilde of which only an orchestral suite survives. †¢A ballet by Harold Fraser-Simson, an English composer, (London, 1872 – Inverness, 1944) The Nightingale and the Rose, (based on Wilde) (1927); [www. fullerswood. fsnet. co. uk/fraser-simson. htm see the link]. †¢A ballet by Janis Kalnins, a Canadian composer and conductor of Latvian parentage. (Parnu, Estonia, 3 November 1904 – Fredericton 30 November 2000) Lakstigala un roze [The Nightingale and the Rose], (after Oscar Wilde), Riga, 1938. †¢A ballet by Friedrich Voss, a German composer and pianist (b. Halberstadt, 1930) Die Nachtigall und die Rose (G. Furtwangler, after Oscar Wilde), 1961; Oberhausen, 5 January 1962; see the Breitkopf’s page †¢An opera by Jonathan Rutherford, a British composer (b 1953) – The Nightingale and the Rose, (after Wilde, 1966; link. †¢One act opera by Margaret Garwood, an American composer (born Haddonfield, NJ, 1927) The Nightingale and the Rose, (libretto by Garwood, after Oscar Wilde, Chester, Widener College Alumni Auditorium, 21 Oct 1973 †¢One act chamber opera by Elena Firsova, a Russian composer, op.  46 (1991) The Nightingale and the Rose, (libretto by Firsova, after Oscar Wilde, premiered on 8 July 1994 at Almeida Theatre, Almeida Opera;at the Boosey Hawkes page. †¢One act ballet by David Earl, a South African composer (b 1951) – The Nightingale and the Rose, 1983 Literary Adaptations[edit] †¢A Sufi poem called al-Zib wa al-Kis reworks Oscar Wilde’s plot around a mystical theme â€Å"The Selfish Giant†[edit] The Selfish Giant owns a beautiful garden which has 12 peach trees and lovely fragrant flowers, in which children love to play after returning from the school. On the giant’s return from seven years visiting his friend the Cornish Ogre, he takes offense at the children and builds a wall to keep them out. You read "Oscar Wilde" in category "Papers" He put a notice board â€Å"TRESSPASSERS WILL BE PROSECUTED†. The garden falls into perpetual winter. One day, the giant is awakened by a linnet, and discovers that spring has returned to the garden, as the children have found a way in through a gap in the wall. He sees the error of his ways, and resolves to destroy the wall. However, when he emerges from his castle, all the children run away except for one boy who was trying to climb a tree. The giant helps this boy into the tree and announces: â€Å"It is your garden now, little children,† and knocks down the wall. The children once more play in the garden, and spring returns. But the boy that the Giant helped does not return and the Giant is heartbroken. Many years later after happily playing with the children all the time, the Giant is old and feeble. One winter morning, he awakes to see the trees in one part of his garden in full blossom. He descends from the castle to discover the boy that he once helped lying beneath a beautiful white tree that the Giant has never seen before. The Giant sees that the boy bears the stigmata. He does not realize that the boy is actually the Christ Child and is furious that somebody has wounded him. â€Å"†Who hath dared to wound thee? † cried the Giant; â€Å"tell me, that I may take my big sword and slay him. † â€Å"Nay! † answered the child; â€Å"but these are the wounds of Love. † â€Å"Who art thou? † said the Giant, and a strange awe fell on him, and he knelt before the little child. And the child smiled on the Giant, and said to him, â€Å"You let Me play once in your garden, to-day you shall come with Me to My garden, which is Paradise.† † Shortly afterwards. the happy giant dies. That same afternoon, his body is found lying under the tree, covered in blossoms. Adaptations[edit] English light music composer Eric Coates wrote the orchestral Phantasy The Selfish Giant in 1925. [5] In 1933–1934, violinist-composer Jeno Hubay adapted the story into a Hungarian languageopera, Az onzo orias (Der selbstsuchtige Riese), Op. 124. The libretto was written by Laszlo Markus and Jeno Mohacsi. A record album was produced in the 1940s by American Decca, narrated by Fredric March, with a full unnamed supporting cast. In 1971, Peter Sander wrote and produced an animated version of The Selfish Giant for CTV in Canada. The music was by Ron Goodwin. It was nominated at the 44th Academy Awards (1972) in the Animated Short Subject category, one of only three films to receive a nomination. It was first broadcast in November that year. [6] In the 1990s, the Australian team of composer Graeme Koehne and choreographer Graeme Murphy created a children’s ballet based on The Selfish Giant. In the 1997 film Wilde, based on the life of the author, portions of the The Selfish Giant are woven in, with Wilde and his wife telling the story to their children, the portions reflecting on his relationship with them and others: the sadness of the children who can no longer play in the giant’s garden is reflected in that of Wilde’s sons as their beloved father spends more time with his lovers than with them. In 2009, composer Stephen DeCesare adapted the â€Å"Selfish Giant† as a musical. In 2010, composer Dan Goeller wrote an orchestral interpretation of the story. That same year Chris Beatrice created new illustrations for the story. In 2011 they released a combination of a CD containing the orchestration and new narration by Martin Jarvis, plus the newly illustrated book. An illustrated and abridged version was published in 2013 by Alexis Deacon. A British feature film called The Selfish Giant was released in 2013, said to be ‘inspired by’ Wilde’s story, though the connection between them is oblique as the film concerns two unruly boys and an unscrupulous scrap metal dealer. â€Å"The Devoted Friend†[edit] See also The Devoted Friend Hans is a gardener, the devoted friend of a rich miller. On the basis of this friendship, the miller helps himself to flowers from Hans’ garden, and promises to give Hans an old, broken wheelbarrow, to replace one that Hans was forced to sell so that he could buy food. Against this promise, the miller compels Hans to run a series of arduous errands for him. One stormy night, the miller asks Hans to fetch a doctor for his sick son. Returning from the doctor, Hans is lost on the moors in the storm and drowns in a pool of water. After Hans’ funeral, the miller’s only emotion is regret as he has been unable to dispose of the wheelbarrow. The story is told by a linnet to an intellectual water-rat, who fancies himself a literary critic; the water-rat is sympathetic to the miller rather than Hans, and storms off on being informed that the story has a moral. â€Å"The Remarkable Rocket†[edit] This story concerns a firework, who is one of many to be let off at the wedding of a prince and princess. The rocket is extremely pompous and self-important, and denigrates all the other fireworks, eventually bursting into tears to demonstrate his â€Å"sensitivity†. As this makes him wet, he fails to ignite, and, the next day, is thrown away into a ditch. He still believes that he is destined for great public importance, and treats a frog, dragonfly, and duck that meet him with appropriate disdain. Two boys find him, and use him for fuel on their camp-fire. The rocket is finally lit and explodes, but nobody observes him – the only effect he has is to frighten a goose with his falling stick. The Remarkable Rocket, unlike the other stories in the collection, contains a large number of Wildean epigrams: â€Å"Conversation, indeed! † said the Rocket. â€Å"You have talked the whole time yourself. That is not conversation. † â€Å"Somebody must listen,† answered the Frog, â€Å"and I like to do all the talking myself. It saves time, and prevents arguments. † â€Å"But I like arguments,† said the Rocket. â€Å"I hope not,† said the Frog complacently. â€Å"Arguments are extremely vulgar, for everybody in good society holds exactly the same opinions. â€Å" How to cite Oscar Wilde, Papers

Health and fitness free essay sample

?Health and fitness, in general seem quite similar but they are not so. They are two different words symbolizing two different meanings. Health is the state of being free from illness or injury whereas fitness is considered a measure of the body’s ability to function efficiently and effectively in work and leisure activities, to resist diseases, and to meet emergency situations. From a young age it is preached that being healthy and fit are critical to having a strong long life, however the amount of people that have the will power to take action in these parts of their lives are getting smaller and smaller, especially in this generation. It’s important that everyone, but especially teenagers, be acquainted with the advantages of a healthy life, and also acknowledge the ramifications of ignoring this cardinal part of life. Being active offers benefits beyond an improved physique and a healthy body. Health and fitness are crucial aspects of someone’s lifestyle and has the power to alter a person’s life in substantial ways. Healthy eating, the benefits of being active, and consequences of a corrupting lifestyle are all things to keep in mind as one makes decisions and goes through life. Many people have the ability to eat whatever they want and not gain a pound, however what these people may not grasp is that all the bad food they are ingesting will catch up with them in later years of life, and may be setting them up for many health problems down the road. It’s important to have a variety of different foods so your body has a healthy balanced diet. There are over forty nutrients that are essential to our life, and we need these nutrients because our bodies cannot produce them in large enough amounts for optimal health. (Benefits of healthy eating, healthandliving. com) Different foods contain different nutrients, which is why it is imperative that we have this combination, and avoid overconsumption. Maintaining a healthy diet not only offers your body the energy and nutrition it needs to function but also offers many health benefits that can help one live longer and have a better life. Healthy eating helps to maintain a healthy body weight, makes one feel better about themselves, creates a stronger immune system, helps to sleep and feel more rested and gives mental alertness. (Benefits From eating healthy, livestrong. com) Eating fruits and vegetables may reduce risks for a stroke, and other cardiovascular diseases and protects the body against certain types of cancer such as mouth cancer, and stomach cancer. Eating grains help with weight management, and reduce the risk of coronary artery disease. Grains also have large amounts of dietary fiber which helps to reduce blood cholesterol levels, and lowers your risk of heart disease. Each vitamin benefits your body in some way, for example potassium helps retain a healthy blood pressure, vitamin A keeps the skin and eyes healthy and protects against infections, and vitamin C helps heal cuts and wounds, and keeps the teeth and gums healthy. (Benefits of Healthy Diet, healthyforms. com) Eating healthy is something people need to consciously think about, because it does not come naturally. Sustaining a healthy diet is an essential part of leading a longer more vibrant life. (The 5 Key Benefits of eating healthy, ezinearticles. com) Sustaining a healthy diet is not the only thing to keep in mind, being physically active is equally important. Being active may not always be fun, but the benefits will be worth it in the long run. Being active not only improves health and fitness but it also improves posture and balance, boosts the mood, helps one sleep, makes one stronger, reduces stress and controls the risk of heart disease, such as diabetes. It also protects people from a stroke, some types of cancer, lowers blood pressure and reduces anxiety and depression. (Benefits of Being Active, health. ca) Studies have shown that child obesity is rapidly growing and will continue to grow if our generation does not take action of their health, which is why being active along with being healthy are both critical roles in not only developing as a person, but growing up healthy and happy. As mentioned earlier, child obesity rates are rising at a rapid pace. This is due to the fact that unhealthy foods cost significantly less than healthy foods such as fruits and vegetables. Right now 29% of adolescents are overweight, and this percent is growing by the day. Obesity as young kids and the food eating habits that they get into, carry into their adult life, leading to adult obesity. Currently, 59% of adult Canadians are either overweight or obese, and New Brunswick is one of the cities significantly higher in the overweight/obese population. (Statistics, childhoodobesityfoundation. ca) Not only do people get into bad eating habits that lead to obesity, but they also do not make time for exercise in there busy schedules, which only enhances the unhealthy lifestyle. Being overweight can lead to cardiovascular disease such as a higher blood pressure, more likely to develop diabetes, and are at a greater risk for bone and joint problems because the body carrying more weight than it is equipped for. Sleep apnea, social and psychological problems, and a low self esteem are also causes of an unhealthy diet. Dental problems are another thing that comes with unhealthy eating. Eating too much candy, or foods with lots of sugar and not enough other nutrients can lead to tooth decay and cavities. Another thing that many people are not aware of is the mood swings that come from unhealthy eating. Diets that do not include enough vitamins and minerals can lead to people suffering severe mood swings. The body may become overly energetic and easily excitable only to crash later. In addition, a lack of vitamin B can lead to the hormone levels in the brain to be unbalanced, which can induce depression. (What are the Consequences of not Eating Healthy, ehow. com) Not being active can have many negative effects on the body. For example muscle atrophy is a cause of a lack of exercise. Muscle atrophy is a medical term that describes the process of your muscles breaking down or wasting away because they are not being exercised to their full capacity. Not only do you lose muscle but you gain fatty tissue and slow down your metabolism, resulting in more weight gain. Lack of exercise can also lead to increased levels of visceral fat, which is a fat that gets trapped inside your abdomen and is toxic because it causes heart disease and gallbladder problems, it also secrets dangerous hormones that can lead to the development of breast cancer. Cardiac decline is when the heart does not get enough exercise, and the heart, which is a muscle, isn’t being exercise and so it rapidly declines in its cardiovascular fitness. The heart will not waste away like an arm or leg, however fat will begin to attack it which can lead to the development of heart disease. In 2006, approximately 2. 4 million Americans died from heart disease. (The Effects of Lack of Exercise on the Body, livestrong. com) The effects that unhealthy eating and a lack of exercise has on your body can be life changing and detrimental. This is why it is so important to have a balance between the two so you can avoid all the consequences of an unhealthy lifestyle. It’s very important to keep these things in mind as you grow older, and make time for healthy meals and exercise. Balance it key. To have a healthy life one must have a balance between eating healthy, and exercising, however treating oneself ever once in awhile is not a sin. Everything needs to be done in moderation. With the busy lives of people these days it can be hard to remember or consciously think about what we are putting into our mouths, or the amount of exercise we have gotten that day, which is why it is so easy to slip through the cracks. (Benefits From Healthy Eating, livestrong. com) However taking the few minutes to carefully think about these things can have a world of difference not only on your physical health, but on mental health as well. The vitamins, minerals and nutrients are crucial to our lives and offer many health benefits that many may not be aware of. (Benefits of a Healthy Diet, liveforms. com) The body will also profit greatly from being physically active. Both of these things lower the risk of heart disease, lower blood pressure, helps sleep, and improves ones mood, leading them away from depression and anxiety. (The Benefits of Fitness, millerhealth. com). If one does not choose to be aware of what they eat, or do physical activities then they run a large risk of becoming obese and overweight, and are opening themselves up to many health issues such as muscle atrophy, increased levels of a toxic fat, and declines in cardiovascular fitness, which in turn can lead to joint and muscle pain, heart disease, and a low self esteem. (The Effects of Lack of Exercise on the Body, livestrong. com) Health and fitness are imperative parts of having a long healthy life, and the ramifications of not choosing to eat healthy and be active are a risk that should not be taken. Life should not be taken for granted, because without it you are nothing. Be conscious about the decisions in life now, so your body does not have to pay for them later.